Description
The HbA1c test reveals your average blood sugar over the previous two to three months in a single sample, making it the gold standard for diagnosing and monitoring diabetes.
About the HbA1c (Diabetes) Test
HbA1c measures the percentage of haemoglobin in your blood that has glucose attached to it. Because red blood cells live for around three months, this reflects your average glucose over that period rather than a single moment. It is used both to diagnose diabetes and pre-diabetes and to monitor how well existing diabetes is being controlled, giving a far more complete picture than a one-off glucose reading.
Preparation and turnaround
No fasting is required, so the test can be taken at any time of day and takes only a few minutes. Results are usually available within one working day. For people with diabetes, HbA1c is typically monitored every three to six months as advised by their doctor.
Frequently asked questions
Do I need to fast for an HbA1c test?
No. Because it reflects your average glucose over months, fasting does not affect the result and is not required.
What HbA1c level indicates diabetes?
Broadly, below 5.7% is normal, 5.7–6.4% suggests pre-diabetes, and 6.5% or above indicates diabetes. Your report will confirm the reference range.
How often should HbA1c be checked?
For general screening, once a year is common. People managing diabetes are usually tested every three to six months.
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